Premium Services Engineering Services The London Eye Dummy Pod Like a child selecting parts to construct a Lego model engineers bring together blocks of science to create new designs. These building blocks could be a load calculation, a beam calculation, a weld calculation, a fatigue calculation or any other calculation from a myriad of engineering topics. As...
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In our good calculation guide we emphasise the importance of sketches in calculations but you can produce interactive 3D wireframe sketches by incorporating Turan Babacan’s latest upload. Turan uses 3D charts to great effect in his Excel FEM programs. Andy Pope also has a 3D chart spr...
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| The London Eye Dummy Pod |
| Thursday, 05 February 2009 | ||||
A Pod
 FE Model  Stress in FE Model  Bolt Calculations  Design Code Calculations 
The Detail - The dummy pod is constructed from two end sub-assemblies called thimbles and a central cylindrical sub-assembly called the barrel. The assemblies are fitted to a support ring. A bolt passes through the thimble end plate, through the support ring and through the barrel end ring. 32 M20 bolts per support ring are used around the circumference to connect the parts together. The support ring is fixed in three directions at the pin locations. An ANSYS finite element model is constructed from beam elements. Stresses are determined by linear elastic analysis and Euler buckling analysis is also performed. There is no particular code of practise applicable to the London Eye dummy pod. BS2573 Part 1: 1983 “Rules for the Design of Cranes” is selected as cranes are mechanical structures subject to wind and self weight loads. It is not a limit state code and requires elastic assessment of the structure. It is similar to BS449 in its methodology. The basic allowable stress is 60% of the material yield (unless limited by buckling considerations). A fatigue assessment is not considered necessary due to the low number of cycles. The model has assigned the material density of steel multiplied by 1.2 as an impact factor. All material is S355 steel with a yield stress of 355MPA. A number of load combinations were considered. How to read ANSYS plots: The “STEP” number (and “TIME” number) is a load step (e.g. self weight, wind load…). A “SUBSTEP” is of interest for nonlinear analysis but since this assessment is linear elastic so it is not relevant in this case. “SEQV” indicates that we are plotting equivalent stresses (or Von Mises Stress) in MPa. For beam elements SEQV is the addition of the axial stress and the bending stress in two planes. The stress is displayed at all points around the beam section. SEQV indicates the stress magnitude but not the sense (compressive or tensile). “SMN” gives the lowest value of SEQV in the plot and “SMX” shows the highest value. The stress legend shows how colours can be related to the value of equivalent stress in the plot. “DMX” is the maximum vector displacement in the model (in mm).
The worst axial force and the worst shear force are incorporated into a
detailed bolt assessment. The calculations check the following: Eigenvalue buckling analysis can be performed by ANSYS. Eigenvalue buckling analysis predicts the theoretical buckling strength (the bifurcation point) of an ideal linear elastic structure. This method corresponds to the textbook approach to elastic buckling analysis: for instance, an eigenvalue buckling analysis of a column will match the classical Euler solution. However, imperfections and nonlinearities prevent most real-world structures from achieving their theoretical elastic buckling strength. Thus, eigenvalue buckling analysis often yields unconservative results, and should be used with caution. However if the Euler buckling load shows a large margin it is very unlikely that effect of real world imperfections will compromise the structures resistance to buckling. In addition members are assessed against the requirements of Eurocode 3.
 ASCE705W Wind Loading 1.0 ... for quite a while, finally here it is....."ASCE705W.xls" (version 1.0), a new spreadsheet workbook for wind loading analysis per the ASCE 7-05 Code. This workbook is obviously similar in form and fu... SimpleBoltCalc.xls This is a pretty simple bolt calculation from first principles. For a given bolt size it looks up the characteristics of a bolt from a 'Bolt Lookup Table'. A bolt preload (or clamping load) is estim... BoltedJoint.xls 02 Purpose
of calculation: Determine force distribution in a preloaded bolted
joint. Calculation Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolted_joint
OR Schaum's Outline... Bolt spacing and edge distances.xls 1.0 Calculate the minimum and maximum fastener spacing, end and edge distances for steel plates. BOLTGRP.xls v2.7 BOLTGRP.xls"
is a MS-Excel spreadsheet workbook for analyzing bolt groups. There are
8 worksheets which replicate the AISC 9th Edition Manual Tables XI thru
XVIII to be used for analysis. EC3 Calculations V0001.xls Assessment of hollow circular section under load to the requirements of Eurocode3. The following code checks are performed: EC3 5.4.4 (1) D:C ratio axial force EC3 5.4.5.1 (1) bending stress D: Clevis and lug design V0001.xls 1.1 Calculation of stress concentration effects at a pin and clevis joint. This calculation requires the XLC addin and the XlXtrFun to be installed. Aerospace_lug_analysis.xls 1.0 the proof and ultimate strength of lugs in an expedient manner. The spreadsheet has been produced by Abbott Aerospace an independent consultancy company offering structural engineering services the a...
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Input: Preliminary drawings supplied by client.
Deadline: Two weeks after purchase order.
Output: Design change recommendations and a calculation report for final design suitable for third party scrutiny.